//Copyright-Author: Morris Ng

function fnBIowExplmpPERM1T(){
document.writeln("<font id=Verd10><dl><dt><b>Export Permits \(Licenses\)</b></dt><br><br>")
document.writeln("<dd>The <b>export permit</b> or <b>export license</b> is a form of non-tariff barrier. Its purposes include:<br><br>")
document.writeln("<ul type=square><li>control of the kind and quantity of products going out of a country \(e.g. military or strategic goods and sensitive materials\),<li>control of the export destination of the product, that is, prohibit exportation to an enemy country or to a country under sanctions imposed by the United Nations,<li>regulate the incoming foreign exchange, and<li>stop the underground economy or illegal manufacturers and exporters.</ul><br><br>")
document.writeln("<p id=inde>In many countries, the exporter must obtain a specific export permit for each shipment, but a shipment valued below a minimum requirement does not require a permit.</p>")
document.writeln("<p id=inde>The government foreign trade office or the Central Bank is in charge of export licensing. In many countries, specific export permit can be obtained from authorized banks, with the exception of goods requiring a special permit.</p>")
document.writeln("<p id=inde>The specific export permit application usually requires the presentation of a valid letter of credit \(the original usually\).  In cases where an authorized bank is the advising bank, presentation of a photocopy of the letter of credit may satisfy the requirement. An application fee may be required.</p>")
document.writeln("<p id=inde>The specific export permit can be valid for 30, 60 or more days from date of issue. In case the validity of the permit is short in a country, exporters should properly time its application to meet the shipment date. The export permit number is normally required in the export declaration forms.</p>")
document.writeln("<p id=inde>The exporter may be required to present a valid business license in order to apply for an export permit. In the process, illegal manufacturers and exporters are stopped. In certain countries, the export-trader is required to indicate on the export declaration forms the name and business license number of the manufacturer from whom the export goods originate.</p>")
document.writeln("<p id=inde>In a few countries, the export permit is issued once to cover all consignments, except goods falling under the Export Control List, which either require a special permit or are prohibited from exportation. The list of export and import controlled or prohibited goods is available at the customs office or the government foreign trade office.</p></dd><br><br><br>")

document.writeln("<dt><b>Import Permits \(Licenses\)</b></dt><br><br><dd>The <b>import permit</b> or <b>import license</b> is a form of non-tariff barrier. Its purposes include:<br><br>")
document.writeln("<ul type=square><li>control of the kind and quantity of product coming into a country,<li>control of the import origin of the product,<li>regulation of the outgoing foreign exchange, and<li>stop illegal importers.</ul><br><br>")
document.writeln("<p id=inde>In many countries, the importer must obtain a specific import permit for each import shipment, but a shipment valued below a minimum requirement does not require a permit.</p>")
document.writeln("<p id=inde>The government foreign trade office or the Central Bank is in charge of the import licensing. In many countries, the specific import permit can be obtained from authorized banks, with the exception of goods requiring a special permit.</p>")
document.writeln("<p id=inde>The import permit application may require the presentation of a <a href=\"docSC.htm\" class=xTx>pro forma invoice</a> \(the sales confirmation\). An application fee usually is required.</p>")
document.writeln("<p id=inde>In certain countries, depending on the availability of the country's foreign exchange reserves at the time of an import permit application, the importer may be required to deposit a sum in local currency, or in foreign currency based on the currency used on the invoice which is often in U.S. fund, equal to a percentage \(20% to 100% usually\) of the invoice value before a permit is granted. A deposit is required in certain countries in the application of a letter of credit \(L/C\) after the import permit is issued, not before the issuance of the import permit.</p>")
document.writeln("<p id=inde>The importer may be required to present a valid business license in order to apply for an import permit. In the process, illegal importers are stopped.</p>")
document.writeln("<p id=inde>In a few countries, the import permit is issued once to cover all consignments, except goods that require a special permit.</p>")
document.writeln("<p id=inde>The L/C from the importer's country may stipulate that the import permit or license number is to appear on all or specified export documents, otherwise the bank will reject such documents.</p></dd></dl><br><br><br><br><br></font>")}